Dysgerminoma was the most reported tumor (n=17) and the most common neoplastic COD (n=7). Neoplasia was the primary COD in 38 individuals. All but two tumors, a thymoma and astrocytoma (both in juveniles), were diagnosed in geriatric or adult wolves. A total of 135 benign and malignant neoplasms were diagnosed in 44 individuals. Infectious COD was reported in 17 wolves and included viral (n=1), babesiosis (n=4), acanthocephalans (n=2), acariasis with anemia (n=1), and dirofilariasis (n=1) bacterial infections were a COD in eight wolves. The most common comorbidities were intestinal inflammation and urolithiasis. Cause of death in the former included enteritis (n=10) and gastric dilation/volvulus (n=7). The most common COD by organ system were digestive (n=40) and urinary (n=34) system diseases. It is the largest canid of South America, being well adapted to meadows and savanna habitats. His signs are similar to those of foxes, but he is neither a fox nor a wolf. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Paraguay. In adults and geriatrics, neoplasia (dysgerminoma) and metabolic disease (urolithiasis) were the most common COD. Key words: Chrysocyon brachyurus,dairy cattle ranch, diet, maned wolf, Minas Gerais State, scat, Brazil INTRODUCTION Genus Chrysocyon consists of a sole species, Chrysocyon brachyurus Illiger, 1811. The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus or golden dogs) is a large wolf. Overall, noninfectious diseases were the most common COD across all age groups (n=95 55.2%). One hundred and seventy-two wolves, 83 females and 89 males, met the inclusion criteria the majority were geriatric (>11 yr n=95) or adult (2–11 yr n=67) wolves. The data were reviewed and cause of death (COD) and concurrent diseases were summarized and compared by age group, organ system and disease process. Pathology reports were requested from all zoological institutions housing maned wolves that died between January 1, 1983, and December 31, 2021. The objective of this 38-yr retrospective study was to review and summarize causes of mortality in maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) in the North American Species Survival Plan® (SSP) population to inform and enhance animal health, husbandry, and conservation efforts.
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